PURGATORY(XXXII) of THE DIVINE COMEDY BY DANTE ALIGHIERI

Directory:THE DIVINE COMEDY

CANTO XXXII

ARGUMENT.—Dante is warned not to gaze too fixedly on Beatrice. The procession moves on, accompanied by Matilda, Statius, and Dante, till they reach an exceeding lofty tree, where divers strange chances befall.

MINE eyes with such an eager coveting

Were bent to rid them of their ten years' thirst,〖“Their ten years' thirst.” Beatrice had been dead ten years.〗

Not other sense was waking: and e'en they

Were fenced on either side from heed of aught;

So tangled, in its custom'd toils, that smile

Of saintly brightness drew me to itself:

When forcibly, toward the left, my sight

The sacred virgins turn'd; for from their lips

I heard the warning sounds: “Too fix'd a gaze!”

A while my vision labour'd; as when late

Upon the o'erstrained eyes the sun hath smote:

But soon, to lesser object, as the view

Was now recover'd, (lesser in respect

To that excess of sensible, whence late

I had perforce been sunder'd), on their right

I mark'd that glorious army wheel, and turn,

Against the sun and sevenfold lights, their front.

As when, their bucklers for protection raised,

A well-ranged troop, with portly banners curl'd,

Wheel circling, ere the whole can change their ground;

E'en thus the goodly regiment of Heaven

Proceeding, all did pass us, ere the car

Had sloped his beam. Attendant at the wheels

The damsels turn'd; and on the Gryphon moved

The sacred burden, with a pace so smooth,

No feather on him trembled. The fair dame,

Who through the wave had drawn me, companied

By Statius and myself, pursued the wheel,

Whose orbit, rolling, mark'd a lesser arch.

Through the high wood, now void, (the more her blame,

Who by the serpent was beguiled), I pass'd,

With step in cadence to the harmony

Angelic. Onward had we moved, as far,

Perchance, as arrow at three several flights

Full wing'd had sped, when from her station down

Descended Beatrice. With one voice

All murmur'd “Adam”; circling next a plant

Despoil'd of flowers and leaf, on every bough,

Its tresses, spreading more as more they rose,

Were such, as 'midst their forest wilds, for height,

The Indians might have gazed at. “Blessed thou,

Gryphon!〖“Gryphon.” Our Saviour's submission to the Roman Empire appears to be intended, and particularly his injunction to “render unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar's.”〗 whose beak hath never pluck'd that tree

Pleasant to taste: for hence the appetite

Was warp'd to evil.” Round the stately trunk

Thus shouted forth the rest, to whom return'd

The animal twice-gender'd: “Yea! for so

The generation of the just are saved.”

And turning to the chariot-pole, to foot

He drew it of the widow'd branch, and bound

There, left unto the stock whereon it grew.

As when large floods of radiance from above

Stream, with that radiance mingled, which ascends

Next after setting of the scaly sign,

Our plants then burgeon, and each wears anew

His wonted colours, ere the sun have yoked

Beneath another star his flamy steeds;

Thus putting forth a hue more faint than rose,

And deeper than the violet, was renew'd

The plant, erewhile in all its branches bare.

Unearthly was the hymn, which then arose.

I understood it not, nor to the end

Endured the harmony. Had I the skill

To pencil forth how closed the unpitying eyes

Slumbering, when Syrinx warbled, (eyes that paid

So dearly for their watching), then, like painter,

That with a model paints, I might design

The manner of my falling into sleep.

But feign who will the slumber cunningly,

I pass it by to when I waked; and tell,

How suddenly a flash of splendour rent

The curtain of my sleep, and one cries out,

“Arise; what dost thou?” As the chosen three,

On Tabor's mount, admitted to behold

The blossoming of that fair tree,〖“The blossoming of that fair tree.” Our Saviour's transfiguration. “As the apple-tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons.”—Solomon's Song, ii. 3.〗 whose fruit

Is coveted of Angels, and doth make

Perpetual feast in Heaven; to themselves

Returning, at the word whence deeper sleeps〖“Deeper sleeps.” The sleep of death, in the instance of the ruler of the synagogue's daughter and of Lazarus.”〗

Were broken, they their tribe diminish'd saw;

Both Moses and Elias gone, and changed

The stole their Master wore; thus to myself

Returning, over me beheld I stand

The piteous one,〖“The piteous one.” Matilda.〗 who, cross the stream, had brought

My steps. “And where,” all doubting, I exclaim'd,

“Is Beatrice?”—“See her,” she replied,

“Beneath the fresh leaf, seated on its root.

Behold the associate choir that circles her.

The others, with a melody more sweet

And more profound, journeying to higher realms,

Upon the Gryphon tend.” If there her words

Were closed, I know not; but mine eyes had now

Ta'en view of her, by whom all other thoughts

Were barr'd admittance. On the very ground

Alone she sat, as she had there been left

A guard upon the wain, which I beheld

Bound to the twyform beast. The seven nymphs

Did make themselves a cloister round about her;

And, in their hands, upheld those lights〖“Those lights.” The tapers of gold.〗 secure

From blast septentrion and the gusty south.

“A little while thou shalt be forester here;

And citizen shalt be, forever with me,

Of that true Rome,〖“Of that true Rome.” Of Heaven.〗 wherein Christ dwells a Roman,

To profit the misguided world, keep now

Thine eyes upon the car; and what thou seest,

Take heed thou write, returning to that place.”〖“To that place.” To the earth.〗

Thus Beatrice: at whose feet inclined

Devout, at her behest, my thought and eyes

I, as she bade, directed. Never fire,

With so swift motion, forth a stormy cloud

Leap'd downward from the welkin's farthest bound,

As I beheld the bird of Jove,〖“The bird of Jove.” This, which is imitated from Ezekiel, xvii. 3, 4, is typical of the persecutions which the Church sustained from the Roman emperors.〗 descend

Down through the tree; and, as he rush'd, the rind

Disparting crush beneath him; buds much more,

And leaflets. On the car, with all his might

He struck; whence, staggering, like a ship it reel'd,

At random driven, to starboard now, o'ercome,

And now to larboard, by the vaulting waves.

Next, springing up into the chariot's womb,

A fox〖“A fox.” By the fox probably is represented the treachery of the heretics.〗 I saw, with hunger seeming pined

Of all good food. But, for his ugly sins

The saintly maid rebuking him, away

Scampering he turn'd, fast as his hide-bound corpse

Would bear him. Next, from whence before he came,

I saw the eagle dart into the hull

O' the car, and leave it with his feathers lined:〖“With his feathers lined.” In allusion to the donations made by Constantine to the Church.〗

And then a voice, like that which issues forth

From heart with sorrow rived, did issue forth

From Heaven, and “O poor bark of mine!” it cried,

“How badly art thou freighted.” Then it seem'd

That the earth open'd, between either wheel;

And I beheld a dragon〖“A dragon.” Probably Mohammed; for what Lombardi offers to the contrary is far from satisfactory.〗 issue thence,

That through the chariot fix'd his forked train;

And like a wasp, that draggeth back the sting,

So drawing forth his baleful train, he dragg'd

Part of the bottom forth; and went his way,

Exulting. What remain'd, as lively turf

With green herb, so did clothe itself with plumes,〖“With plumes.” The increase of wealth and temporal dominion, which followed the supposed gift of Constantine.〗

Which haply had, with purpose chaste and kind,

Been offer'd; and therewith were clothed the wheels,

Both one and other, and the beam, so quickly,

A sigh were not breathed sooner. Thus transform'd,

The holy structure, through its several parts,

Did put forth heads;〖“Heads.” By the seven heads, it is supposed with sufficient probability, are meant the seven capital sins: by the three with two horns, pride, anger, and avarice, injurious both to man himself and to his neighbor: by the four with one horn, gluttony, gloominess, concupiscence, and envy, hurtful, at least in their primary effects, chiefly to him who is guilty of them.〗 three on the beam, and one

On every side: the first like oxen horn'd;

But with a single horn upon their front,

The four. Like monster, sight hath never seen.

O'er it〖“O'er it.” The harlot is thought to represent the state of the Church under Boniface VIII, and the giant to figure Philip IV of France.〗 methought there sat, secure as rock

On mountain's lofty top, a shameless whore,

Whose ken roved loosely round her. At her side,

As 't were that none might bear her off, I saw

A giant stand; and ever and anon

They mingled kisses. But, her lustful eyes

Chancing on me to wander, that fell minion

Scourged her from head to foot all o'er; then full

Of jealousy, and fierce with rage, unloosed

The monster, and dragg'd on,〖“Dragg'd on.” The removal of the Pope's residence from Rome to Avignon is pointed at.〗 so far across

The forest, that from me its shades alone

Shielded the harlot and the new-form'd brute.

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